Math Symbols and Signs List | Symbols list

Here we will know math symbols and signs. Which are mathematically used, often use for calculations in our education system or business. These mathematical symbols are very important and if you are not aware form this you must know.

Let’s discuss the math symbols list here

Math Symbols List

*	Asterisk	[]	Brackets
a^b	Caret	=	Equality
≠	Not equality	≈	Approximately equal
<	Less than	>	Greater than
()	Parentheses	+	P addition
–	Subtraction	÷	Division
√a	Square root	3√	Cube root
π	Pi constant	!	Exclamation mark

/	Division slash	Σ	Summation
∫	Integral	$	Dollar sign
≥	Big than or equal	≤	Less than or equal
/	Slash	“	Quotation Mark
;	Semicolon	:	Colon
%	Percentage	–	Dash/hyphen
&	Ampersand	Ω	Ohm sign
∞	Infinity	X	Multiply/times

Basic Arithmetic Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
+	Addition	Used to add two or more numbers.
–	Subtraction	Used to subtract one number from another.
*	Multiplication	Used to multiply two or more numbers.
/	Division	Used to divide one number by another.
%	Modulo	Used to find the remainder of a division operation.
=	Equality	Used to indicate that two expressions are equal.
≠	Inequality	Used to indicate that two expressions are not equal.
<	Less than	Used to indicate that one value is less than another.
>	Greater than	Used to indicate that one value is greater than another.
≤	Less than or equal to	Used to indicate that one value is less than or equal to another.
≥	Greater than or equal to	Used to indicate that one value is greater than or equal to another.

Algebra Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
x	Variable	A letter or symbol that represents an unknown value.
a, b, c, …	Constants	A number or value that does not change in an equation.
^	Exponent	Indicates the number of times a value is multiplied by itself.
√	Square root	Indicates the value that, when multiplied by itself, equals the original value.
()	Parentheses	Used to group numbers or variables together in an expression.
{}	Braces	Used to group sets of numbers or variables together.
[]	Brackets	Used to group sets of numbers or variables together.
∑	Summation	Used to represent the sum of a set of numbers.
∏	Product	Used to represent the product of a set of numbers.
∫	Integral	Used to represent the area under a curve in calculus.

Trigonometry Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
sin	Sine	The ratio of the length of the opposite side to the hypotenuse.
cos	Cosine	The ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse.
tan	Tangent	The ratio of the length of the opposite side to the adjacent side.
cot	Cotangent	The ratio of the length of the adjacent side to the opposite side.
sec	Secant	The reciprocal of the cosine.
csc	Cosecant	The reciprocal of the sine.

Calculus Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
∂	Partial derivative	The derivative of a function with respect to one of its variables, holding the other variables constant.
∇	Nabla	A vector operator used in vector calculus to represent various operations, such as gradient, divergence, and curl.
∞	Infinity	Indicates a value that is infinitely large.
lim	Limit	Indicates the value that a function approaches as its input approaches a certain value.
d/dx	Derivative	Indicates the rate at which a function is changing with respect to its input.

Set Theory Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
∈	Element of	Used to indicate that an element belongs to a set.
∉	Not element of	Used to indicate that an element does not belong to a set.
⊂	Subset	Used to indicate that one set is a subset of another.
⊆	Subset or equal to	Used to indicate that one set is a subset or equal to another.
∩	Intersection	Used to indicate the set of elements that are in both sets.
∪	Union	Used to indicate the set of elements that are in either or both sets.
∅	Empty set	A set with no elements.

Logic Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
∧	Conjunction	Used to represent logical “and”.
∨	Disjunction	Used to represent logical “or”.
¬	Negation	Used to represent logical “not”.
→	Implication	Used to represent logical “if-then”.
↔	Bi-implication	Used to represent logical “if and only if”.
⊕	Exclusive or	Used to represent logical “exclusive or”.
⊤	Tautology	A statement that is always true.
⊥	Contradiction	A statement that is always false.

Probability and Statistics Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
P	Probability	The likelihood of an event occurring.
E	Expected value	The average value of a random variable.
σ	Standard deviation	A measure of how spread out a set of data is.
μ	Mean	The average value of a set of data.
n	Sample size	The number of items in a sample.
N	Population size	The number of items in a population.
ρ	Correlation coefficient	A measure of how strongly two variables are related.

Calculus Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
∂	Partial derivative	A derivative with respect to one variable while holding all other variables constant.
∫	Integral	A measure of the area under a curve.
∞	Infinity	A concept representing something without bound or limit.
∇	Nabla	A differential operator that represents the gradient of a scalar field.
dx	Differential	A small change in the value of x.
dy/dx	Derivative	The rate of change of a function with respect to x.

Linear Algebra Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
A	Matrix	A rectangular array of numbers.
a	Scalar	A single number.
det(A)	Determinant	A scalar value associated with a square matrix.
rank(A)	Rank	The dimension of the column space of a matrix.
tr(A)	Trace	The sum of the diagonal elements of a matrix.
AT	Transpose	A matrix obtained by interchanging its rows and columns.
I	Identity matrix	A square matrix with ones on the diagonal and zeros elsewhere.

Geometry Symbols

Symbol	Name	Explanation
π	Pi	A mathematical constant that represents the ratio of a circle’s circumference to its diameter.
∠	Angle	The measure of the amount of rotation between two rays that share a common endpoint.
⊥	Perpendicular	Two lines that intersect at a right angle.
≅	Congruent	Two shapes that have the same size and shape.
A	Area	The measure of the size of a two-dimensional shape.
V	Volume	The measure of the size of a three-dimensional shape.